| Bio-Bibliographical Guide to Medieval and Early Modern Jurists |
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Report No. c007 |
Rogerius |
c.1110–1162 |
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| Alternative Names |
Roger; Rogerio; Frogerius |
Biography/Description |
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Place of birth has varying testimonies, but Piacenza seems the likeliest. Possibly originally named ‘Frogerius’. Studied in Bologna under Bulgarus and Martinus. Taught in Bologna and possibly also in Montpellier or Arles, Piacenza, and Modena. Was possibly the first glossator to teach in Montpellier, as Placentinus’ predecessor. Had a distinctive writing style that was influenced by rhetoric and distinguishes his writings from those of the ‘Four Doctors’. Served as legal advisor and attorney for Hugh de Baux in Provence in the early 1160s. R. wrote the first extensive, sequential Summa Codicis. It was left incomplete but was highly influential on Placentinus (who probably studied under R.) and on Azo, and Accursius cited a full 920 glosses from the work. It followed the sequence of books and titles but did not necessarily treat each lex separately. His Prologus was influential for the form of the Quaestiones legitimae. The summa drew on the Summa Trecensis, or perhaps the latter was an earlier drafting of the latter by R. himself. If the latter is the case, R. should be assessed very positively as an influential and original thinker among the first glossators. Certainly several of his other works, De praescriptionibus, Quaestiones super Institutis, and Enodationes, were used extensively by later glossators. His authorship of a collection of Dissensiones dominorum edited by Hänel and a Distinctio ‘Infames sunt ex genere delicti’ printed by Rhodius in 1530 is doubted. His glosses bear the siglum ‘R’ or ‘Rog’. |
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Entry by: AL viii.2016 |
Text(s) |
| No. 01 | Summa Codicis. breaks off at Cod. 4.58; completed in two versions, one in the anonymous Summa Tubingensis, which filled in the missing sections of R.’s work with the Summa Trecensis, and the second by Placentinus. |
| No. 02 | Glossae ad Corpus iuris ciuilis. |
| No. 03 | Distinctiones. Twenty listed by Pescatore in 1912; as yet unedited. R.’s authorship remains unconfirmed. |
| No. 04 | Tractatus de prescriptionibus. A work in five chapters, the final of which is presented in the form of a dialogue. The first editor, Rhodius, divided the work in two, considering the final chapter a separate work. He labeled the two (1) Compendium sive summa de diversis praescriptionibus and (2) Dialogus de praescriptionibus. Rhodius also published with these works a Catalogus praescriptionum, but it has no connection to the work of R. Kantorowicz thought it the first tract on prescription. Its likely incipit is ‘Omnium prescriptionum iura’. |
| No. 05 | Quaestiones super Institutis. In dialogue form between Rogerius and ‘Iurisprudentia’; treats questions pertaining to Inst. 1.1–3. |
| No. 06 | Enodationes quaestionum super Codice, ante 1160. In dialogue form between Rogerius and ‘Iurisprudentia’; treat issues from Cod. 1.14. |
Text(s) – Early Printed Editions |
| No. 04 |
Tractatus de prescriptionibus. |
| Early Printed Editions |
Placentini Jurisconsulti vetustissimi de varietate actionum libri sex. Item Rogerii compendium de diversis praescriptionibus: Compendium sive summa de diversis praescriptionibus. Mainz: Nicolaus Rhodius, 1530. |
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Placentini Jurisconsulti vetustissimi de varietate actionum libri sex. Item Rogerii compendium de diversis praescriptionibus: Dialogus de praescriptionibus. Mainz: Nicolaus Rhodius, 1530. |
Text(s) – Modern Editions |
| No. 01 |
Summa Codicis. |
| Modern Editions |
Beiträge zur mittelalterlichen Rechtsgeschichte II: Miscellen, ed. G. Pescatore (Berlin 1889) 46–48 (small part of the Summa Codicis, on Cod. 2.53, the so-called Summula de restitutione maiorum). |
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Ed. G. Palmieri in Bibliotheca iuridica medii aevi (Bologna 1888) 1.no.2 (highly criticized first edition; much improved in 1914; edition is of entire Summa Tubingensis, so only through 4.58 is R.’s). |
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Ed. G. Palmieri in ‘Rogerii Summa Codicis’, Bibliotheca iuridica medii aevi, I (Bologna 1914) 1.47–233 (edition is of entire Summa Tubingensis, so only through 4.58 is R.’s). |
| No. 02 |
Glossae ad Corpus iuris ciuilis. |
| Modern Editions |
Ed. F. von Savigny in Geschichte 4.518–23 (25 glosses on various books of the Corpus). |
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Ed. S. Caprioli in ‘Tre capitoli intorno alla nozione di “regula iuris” nel pensiero dei glossatori’, ASD, 6/5 (1962/63) 343–45 (gloss on Dig. 50.17). |
| No. 04 |
Tractatus de prescriptionibus. |
| Modern Editions |
Corpus glossatorum iuris civilis, V.6 (Torino 1970) (reprint of ed. Lyon, 1549). |
| No. 05 |
Quaestiones super Institutis. |
| Modern Editions |
Studies in the Glossators of the Roman Law: Newly Discovered Writings of the Twelfth Century, ed. H. Kantorowicz (Cambridge 1938) 271–81. |
| No. 06 |
Enodationes quaestionum super Codice. |
| Modern Editions |
Studies in the Glossators of the Roman Law: Newly Discovered Writings of the Twelfth Century, ed. H. Kantorowicz (Cambridge 1938) 281–93. |
Literature |
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M. Bermejo Castrillo, ‘Rogerio’, in Juristas universales 1.331–3. |
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E. Cortese, ‘Rogerio (Frogerius)’, in DGI (2013) 1.1716–18. |
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H. Lange, Glossatoren (1997) 192–200. |
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P. Weimar, ‘Rogerius, Bologneser Zivilrechtslehrer († 1163/65)’, in LMA (1995) 7.946. |
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A. Gouron, ‘Sur les traces de Rogerius en Provence’, in Liber amicorum: Études offertes à Pierre Jaubert, E. Genzmer, ed. (Bordeaux 1992) 313–26. |
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A. Gouron, ‘Le rôls de maîtres français dans la renaissance juridique du XII sècle’, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles–Lettres, comptes-rendus des séances de l’année 1989 (Paris 1989) 198–207. Reprinted in: idem, Droit et coutume en France aux XIIe siècles (Hampshire 1993) no. XV. |
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A. Gouron, ‘Lo Codi, Source de la somme au Code de Rogerius’, in Satura Robert Feenstra sexagesimum quinum annum aetatis complenti ab alumnis collegis amicis oblata, J. Ankum, ed. (Fribourg 1985) 301–16. Reprinted in: idem, Études sur la diffusion des doctrines juridiques médiévales (London 1987) no. XI. |
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A. Gouron, ‘L’auteur et la patrie de la Summa Trecensis’, Ius commune, 12 (1984) 1–38. Reprinted in: idem, Études sur la diffusion des doctrines juridiques médiévales (London 1987) no. III. |
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A. Gouron, ‘Rogerius, Quaestiones de iuris subtilitatibus et pratique arlésienne: à propos d’une sentence archiépiscopale (1141, 5 novembre)’, in Mémoires de la sociéte pour l’histoire du droit et des institutions des ancien pays bourguignons, comtois et romands (1979) 34.35–50. Reprinted in: idem, La science du droit dans le midi de la France au Moyen Age (London, 1984) no. XIV. |
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J. Fried, Die Entstehung des Juristenstandes im 12. Jahrhundert (Köln 1974). |
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P. Weimar, ‘Die legistische Literatur der Glossatorenzeit’, in Handbuch der Quellen und Literatur der neueren europäischen Privatrechtsgeschichte, H. Coing, ed. (München 1973). |
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A. Gouron, ‘Les juristes de l’école de Montpellier’, in IRMAe (1970) 4.3a.1–35. Reprinted in: idem, Études sur la diffusion des doctrines juridiques médiévales (London 1987) no. I. |
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C. Mor, ‘A l’origine de l’école de Montpellier: Rogerius ou Placentin?’, in Album J. Balon (Namur 1968) 145–55. |
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R. Feenstra, ‘A propos d’un nouveau manuscrit de la version latine du Codi’, SG, 13 (1967) 69–70. |
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H. Kantorowicz, Studies in the Glossators of the Roman Law: Newly Discovered Writings of the Twelfth Century (Cambridge 1938; repr. Aalen 1969) 122–80. |
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F. von Savigny, Geschichte 4.194–224. |
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F. Andrés, |
