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Report No. a552

Tancredus

c.1185–1236

 

Alternative Names

Tancred (LC); Tancredus Bononiensis; Tancred of Bologna; Tancredi da Bologna; Tancredi da Bologna; Tankred von Bologna; Tancrède; Tancred of Lombardy

 

Biography/Description

The leading decretalist of his age. Born in Bologna around 1185. Studied under Laurentius Hispanus, Johannes Galensis, and, for Roman law, Azo. Taught canon law at Bologna from approximately 1210, where he was also canon and archdeacon of the local chapter. His Apparatus to Compilationes prima, secunda, tertia, the final versions of which he produced around 1220, were received as the ordinary glosses in the schools. Tancred also compiled the Compilatio quinta at the behest of Pope Honorius III in 1226. He was equally successful as the author of several minor, mostly procedural, works, which he later combined into his widely circulating Ordo (c.1216). The work combined Roman and canonical procedure and was the best and most detailed work to do so in his day.

 

Entry by: KP rev AL 2015

 

Text(s)

 
No. 1

Glossa ordinaria, c.1220. (on Compilationes I–III).

 
No. 2

Ordo iudiciarius.

 
No. 3

Summula de exceptionibus.

 
No. 4

Tractatus de dolo et contumacia punienda.

 
No. 5

Summula de criminibus.

 
No. 6

Quaestiones.

 
No. 7

Summa de sponsalibus et matrimonio, ca. 1210–14.

 

Text(s) – Manuscripts

No. 1

Glossa ordinaria, c.1220.

 
Manuscript

Original Version (on 1 and 2 Comp., before 1215)

 
 

Admont, Stiftsbibl. 22

 
 

a552Txt1Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 20 (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Vat. lat. 2509, fol. 1–93, 93–139v (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Borgh. 264, fol. 1–74v, 75–107 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Urb. lat. 178, fol. 1–77v, 78–117 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Firenze, Bibl. Laurenz. Plut. 3 (olim S. Croce III) sin.6, fol.3–96v (on 1 Comp.; the library currently identifies this manuscript with the Plutei designation, but the literature often refers to it with the S. Croce one.)

 
 

a552Txt1Firenze, Bibl. Laurenz. Plut. 4 (olim S. Croce IV) sin.2, fol. 79–129 (on 2 Comp.; the library currently identifies this manuscript with the Plutei designation, but the literature often refers to it with the S. Croce one.)

 
 

a552Txt1Fulda, Landesbibl. D.6, fol. 1r–78r (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Lisboa, BN Alcobaça 381, fol. 76v–116v (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Modena, Bibl. Estense α.R.4.16, fol. 78–117v, 255rb–257rb (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Padova, Bibl. Anton. II.35 (on 1 and 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 11714, fol. 27ta–53rb (on 2 Comp., without decretal text)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 15398, fol. 3–52v (on 1 Comp., incomplete)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 15400, fol. 70ra–102va (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 15996 (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN nouv. acq. lat. 2127, fol. 1–57v, 58–89 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Sankt Gallen, Stiftsbibl. 715 (on 1 Comp. 2.20.23–5.5.6)

 
 

a552Txt1Trier, Stadtbibl. 864, fol. 1–66 (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Trier, Stadtbibl. 876, fol. 1–21v, 32–82 (on 1 Comp., second layer of glosses)

 
 

a552Txt1Trier, Stadtbibl. 876, fol. fol. 22–31 (on 2 Comp., books 2-3; incomplete)

 
 

a552Txt1Vercelli, Bibl. Agnes. XXIII, fol. 1–54v, 55–86v (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

Final (or Unidentified) Version (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., c.1220)

 
 

a552Txt1Angers, BM 375 (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 19, fol. 1–78, 79–116 (on 1 Comp. (second layer of glosses) and 2 Comp. (second layer of glosses), respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 20, fol. 71–98 (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Bamberg, Staatsbibl. Can. 21, fol. 1–100, 101–42 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Beaune, BM 19, fol. 1–89, 91–116, 116v–222 (on 1 Comp. (fragment), 2 Comp., and 3 Comp. (third layer of glosses), respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 231, fol. 3–119v (on 1 Comp. (fragment))

 
 

a552Txt1Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 306, fol. 1–60 (on 1 Comp. (second layer of glosses, fragment))

 
 

a552Txt1Berlin, Staatsbibl. lat. fol. 427, fol. 1–87v, 90–135v (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Brugge, Stedelijke Bibl. 367, fol. 1–113, 114–231v (on 1-2 Comp. and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Brugge, Grootseminarie 44–63, fol. 1–86v, 87r–134r (on 1 Comp. (fragmentary, until 4.13.3) and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Cambridge, Gonville & Caius Coll. 17, p. 1–134, 135–238 (on 1 and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Chartres, BM 318, fol. 1–76v, 77ff. (on 1 (second layer of glosses) and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Chartres, BM 384, fol. 49–104, 1–46r, 47v–48v, 105–246 (on 1 Comp., 2 Comp. (fragmentary, misbound), and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Douai, BM 595 (on 1 Comp. (book 2, fragmentary) and 2 Comp. (fragmentary))

 
 

a552Txt1Córdoba, Bibl. Cap. ???, fol. 1ra–94vb, 95ra–137rb, 138r–273r (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Durham, Cath. Libr. C.III.4 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1El Escorial, Bibl. San Lorenzo K.I.9, fol. 2ra–67ra, 68r–110vb, 111ra–255vb (on 1 (incomplete), 2, and 3 (ends at 2.3.5) Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Firenze, Bibl. Laurenz. Plut. 4 (olim S. Croce IV) sin.2, fol. 130– (On 3 Comp. (breaks off at 5.15.1). The library currently identifies this manuscript with the Plutei designation, but the literature often refers to it with the S. Croce one.)

 
 

a552Txt1Firenze, BN Conv. soppr. da ordinare, Vallombrosa 38, fol. 9ra–64vb, 65ra–99ra, 100ra–163vb (on 1 Comp. (without decretal text), 2 Comp., and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Fulda, Landesbibl. D.6, fol. 79r–127v, 128r–266v (on 2 and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Graz, Universitätsbibl. 138 (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Graz, Universitätsbibl. 374 (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1København, Kongelige Bibl. Gl. kgl. S. 196fol. (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Leipzig, Universitätsbibl. 968, fol. 1–77v, 78–114v, 115–232 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Sankt-Peterburg, Gosudarstvennaia Publichnaia Bibl. II, fol. mbr.15, fol. 43ff. (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Lille, BM 145, fol. 2–79, fol 80–119, 120–241 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Lincoln, Cath. Chap. 29, fol. 1–51v, 193–200v, 52–91, 92ff. (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Lincoln, Cath. Chap. 38 (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Lincoln, Cath. Chap. 163, fol. 84–126v (on 2 Comp., fragmentary)

 
 

a552Txt1Lisboa, BN Alcobaça 381 (on 1 and 3 Comp. (?))

 
 

a552Txt1London, BL Royal 11 C.VII, fol. 6–79, 81ff. (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Marburg, Universitätsbibl. C.2, fol. 1–71 (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Melk, Stiftsbibl. F.33 (on 1 and 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1München, BSB Clm 3879, fol. 99–149 (on 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Nürnberg, Stadtbibl. Cent. II, 72 (on 1 Comp., fragmentary, see Traditio 21 (1965) 482)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 3927, fol. 1–9v (on 3 Comp., fragmentary)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 3928 (on 3 Comp., begins at 1.1.5)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 3931A (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 3953 (on 1 and 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 12452 (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 14321 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 15399 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., without decretal texts)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 15400, fol. 125ra–226vb (on 3 Comp., books 1-2 only)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN lat. 16900 (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, BN nouv. acq. lat. 2127 (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Paris, Bibl. Mazarine 1292, fol. 160–98, 69–101r (on 1 Comp. (begins at 3.4.2) and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Perugia, BC L.69, fol. 1–107, 108–163, 164ff. (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Pŀock, Seminarium Bibl. 67 (on 1 and 2 Comp., lost in WWII)

 
 

a552Txt1Pŀock, Seminarium Bibl. 69 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., lost in WWII)

 
 

a552Txt1Reims, BM 690, fol. 1–114, 115–72 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Rouen, BM 706, fol. 1–80, 81–126 (on 1 and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Saint-Omer, BM 447 (on 1 and 2 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Toulouse, BM 368, fol. 1–61, 63–93, 120–223 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Troyes, BM 102 (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Vat. lat. 1377, fol. 2–98v, 101–145v, 148–279v (on 1, 2, and 3 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Vat. lat. 2509, 140–275v (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Borgh. 264, fol. 108–230 (on 3 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Chig. E.VII.207, fol. 1–88, 89–134v (on 1 (first layer of glosses) and 2 Comp., respectively)

 
 

a552Txt1Città del Vaticano, BAV Ottob. lat. 1943 (on 1 Comp.)

 
 

a552Txt1Venezia, BN VIII.22, fol. 23–71 (on 1 Comp.(?))

 
 

a552Txt1Worcester, Cath. Libr. F.177, fol. 3–5 (on 2 Comp., fragment of book 5)

 
No. 3

Summula de exceptionibus.

 
Manuscript

Avranches, BM 149, fol. 135rb–va

 
 

Monte Cassino, Bibl. Abbazia 136, p.234

 
 

Roma, Bibl. Casanatense 1910, fol. 73ra

 
No. 4

Tractatus de dolo et contumacia punienda.

 
Manuscript

Avranches, BM 149

 
 

Monte Cassino, Bibl. Abbazia 136

 
 

Roma, Bibl. Casanatense 1910, fol. 73ra–b

 

Text(s) – Early Printed Editions

No. 2

Ordo iudiciarius.

 
Early Printed Editions

Tractatus universi iuris: Ordinis iudiciarii tractatus. Venezia: F. Ziletti, 1584, 3.1.44ra.

 
 

Göttingen, 1842.

 

Text(s) – Modern Editions

No. 2

Ordo iudiciarius.

 
Modern Editions

Pillii, Tancredi, Gratiae libri de iudiciorum ordine, ed. F. Bergmann (Göttingen 1842; repr. Aalen 1965) 89–314.

 
No. 5

Summula de criminibus.

 
Modern Editions

Ed. R. Fraher in BMCL, 9 (1979) 29–32.

 
No. 6

Quaestiones.

 
Modern Editions

Ed. R. Fraher in BMCL, 9 (1979) 32–34.

 
No. 7

Summa de sponsalibus et matrimonio.

 
Modern Editions

Tancredi summa de matrimonio, ed. A. Wunderlich (Göttingen 1841).

 

Literature

A. Bettetini, ‘Tancredi da Bologna’, in DGI (2013) 2.1930–31.

K. Pennington, ‘The Decretalists 1190–1234’, in The History of Medieval Canon Law in the Classical Period, 1140–1234: From Gratian to the Decretals of Pope Gregory IX, W. Hartmann and K. Pennington, ed. (History of Medieval Canon Law 6; Washington DC 2008) 221–39.

K. Pennington, ‘Decretal Collections 1190–1234’, in The History of Medieval Canon Law in the Classical Period, 1140–1234: From Gratian to the Decretals of Pope Gregory IX, W. Hartmann and K. Pennington, ed. (History of Medieval Canon Law 6; Washington DC 2008) 306, 314–17.

T. Haye, ‘Das Latein des Gerichtswesen: Boncompagno, Tankred und Guillaume Durant’, in Lateinische Oralität: Gelehrte Sprache in der mündlichen Kommunikation des hohen und späten Mittelalters (Berlin 2005) 25–38.

C. Rider, ‘Between Theology and Popular Practice: Medieval Canonists on Magic and Impotence’, in Boundaries of the Law: Geography, Gender and Jurisdiction in Medieval and Early Modern Europe, A. Musson, ed. (Aldershot 2005) 53–66.

C. Reid, Power over the Body, Equality in the Family: Rights and Domestic Relations in Medieval Canon Law (Emory University Studies in Law and Religion; Grand Rapids 2004) 46, 115, 144, 145, 190, 203.

J. Viejo-Ximénez, ‘Tancredo’, in Juristas universales (2004) 1.428–30.

S. Haering, ‘Tankred (Tancredus) v. Bologna’ (1185–1236)’, in Biographisch–bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (2003) 489–90.

M. Schmoeckel, ‘“Neminem damnes, antequam inquiras veritatem”: Die Entwicklung eines hohen Beweisstandards als Vorgeschichte der Verdachtsstrafe’, ZRG Kan. Abt., 87 (2001) 191–225.

K. Borchardt, ‘Tankred (Tancredus) von Bologna, bedeutender Kanonist (um 1185–um 1236)’, in LMA (1997) 8.458.

H. Lange, Glossatoren (1997) 293–97.

W. Litewski, ‘Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit nach den ältesten ordines iudiciarii’, in Vom mittelalterlichen Recht zur neuzeitlichen Rechtswissenschaft: Bedingungen, Wege und Probleme der europäischen Rechtsgeschichte. Winfried Trusen zum 70. Geburtstag, N. Brieskorn, ed. (Rechts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Görres–Gesellschaft, Neue Folge 72; Paderborn 1994) 193–206.

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K. Pennington, Pope and Bishops: The Papal Monarchy in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries (The Middle Ages; Philadelphia 1984) 181–83.

R. Fraher, ‘Tancred’s Summula de criminibus: A New Text and a Key to the ordo iudiciarius’, BMCL, 9 (1979) 23–35.

L. Boyle, ‘The Compilatio quinta and the Registers of Honorius III’, BMCL, 8 (1978) 9–19.

M. Bertram, ‘Some Additions to the “Repertorium der Kanonistik”’, BMCL, 4 (1974) 9–16.

K. Pennington, ‘The Manuscripts of Johannes Teutonicus’, BMCL, 4 (1974) 20 n.9.

F. Liotta, La continenza dei chierici (Milano 1971) 337–43.

A. García y García, ‘Canonistica Hispanica (III)’, Traditio, 26 (1970) 462–63.

J. Brundage, Medieval Canon Law and the Crusader (Madison WI 1969) 74, 76, 156.

J. Brundage, ‘The Votive Obligations of Crusaders: The Development of a Canonistic Doctrine’, Traditio, 24 (1968) 99. Reprinted in: idem, The Crusades, Holy War and Canon Law (Collected Studies CS 338; Aldershot 1991) no. VI.

A. García y García, ‘Canonistica Hispanica (II)’, Traditio, 23 (1967) 505.

J. Muldoon, ‘Extra ecclesiam non est imperium: The Canonists and the Legitimacy of Secular Power’, SG, 9 (1966) 562–63. Reprinted in: idem, Canon Law, the Expansion of Europe, and World Order (Variorum Collected Studies Series 612; Aldershot 1998) no. I.

R. Weigand, ‘Neue Mitteilungen aus Handschriften’, (1965) 481–82.

R. Weigand, Die bedingte Eheschliessung im kanonischen Recht (Münchener Theologische Studien 3, Kan. Abt. 16; München 1963) 1.387–94 and passim.

A. García y García, ‘Observaciones sobre los apparatus de Damaso Húngaro’, Traditio, 18 (1962) 469–71.

L. Chevalier, ‘Tancred’, in DDC (1961) 7.1146–65.

S. Kuttner, ‘Notes on Manuscripts’, Traditio, 17 (1961) 541.

G. Couvreur, Les pauvres ont-ils des droits? Recherches sur le vol en cas d’extrême nécessité depuis la Concordia de Gratien (1140) jusqu’à Guillaume d’Auxerre († 1321) (Analecta Gregoriana 111; Roma 1961) 71, 102, 151.

R. Weigand, ‘Mitteilungen aus Handschriften’, Traditio, 16 (1960) 560.

A. Stickler, ‘Iter Helveticum’, Traditio, 14 (1958) 465–72.

S. Kuttner, ‘Bernardus Compostellanus Antiquus’, Traditio, 1 (1943) 311 n.15.

F. Gillmann, Zur Inventarisierung der kanonistischen Handschriften aus der Zeit von Gratian bis Gregor IX. (Mainz 1938) 70–87.

S. Kuttner, ‘La réserve papale du droit de canonisation’, RHD, 17 (1938) 203 n.3.

S. Kuttner, Repertorium 327–54, 358–81.

A. Teetaert, ‘Summa de matrimonio sancti Raymundi de Penyafort’, Ius pontificum, 9 (1929) 54–61, 228–34, 312–22.

J. von Schulte, QL 1.199–205.

F. von Savigny, Geschichte 5.115–35.