of the Subject; And, whether Such provincial Laws or Acts of Assembly, are ab 
Initio Void, or, only Voidable by his Majestys Disallowance; and whether the 
Judges of Such provincial Courts of Law in the plantations, when any such 
provincial Law so made as aforsd, is Given in Evidence, or pleaded in Cases depending 
before them, ought and are to Adjudge Such Act or Acts of Assembly 
Ipso facto void, or, only Voidable, and so to be put in practice, till Repealed by his 
Majesty as Aforesaid. 
After this summation of experience under section 9 of 7 and 8 William 111, 
c. 22, the section declared that nothing could contribute more to the good 
government of the American colonies and to the strengthening of the bond 
between colonies and mother country than to have the laws of the kingdom 
relating to the trade and the government of the colonies distinctly laid down 
and understood by the colonial legislatures and judges. Abercromby's draft 
then continued in the following manner: 
WHEREFORE for the better understanding of the aforesaid Act, and in order to 
Enable the Judges of the Courts of Judicature, To give Judgment in Cases where 
the Legality or Illegality Validity or Invalidity of Provincial Laws or Acts of Assembly 
may come before them; BE IT ENACTED and It is hereby accordingly 
ENACTED by the authority aforesaid, That all By Laws, usage or Customs, 
which now are, or hereafter may Exist or be made, and be in practice, or that 
may be pretended to Exist, and be in force in any of these Provinces in America, 
under whatever form of Government such provinces are, where such Laws By 
Laws Usages or Customs have been, or may be made, That are Essentially Disagreable 
to, and Inconsistent with the Common Law of this Kingdom, with Regard 
to the Prerogative Royal, or the Rights and Liberties of the Subject, or, that 
are Disagreable To, or Inconsistent with the Statutes of this Kingdom, whereby 
the Common Law in the aforesaid purposes, may have been, or is altered, Explained 
or Amended, Or, That are in any ways Inconsistent with, or Oppose the Laws and 
Statutes of this Kingdom with Relation To the Government or The Trade Navigation 
or that have any direct or indirect tendency to invalidate or lessen their dependence 
on this Kingdom in their Government or their Commerce and payment of 
Revenues, anyways Arising to the Crown in the plantations, whether all, or any of 
the said Statutes or Statute Laws in Such Cases and Respects, or in any of Such 
Cases and respects as aforesaid, Do, or do not, Expressly Mention Their Extension 
to, and Operation in the plantations, (It being the Intention of this Act and it is 
hereby Accordingly So Declared and Enacted, That the Common, and Such Said 
Statute Laws of this Kingdom, in all Such Said Cases, be Deemed and held, To 
be in force in the plantations, notwithstanding the plantations may not be therein 
Expressly named) or, That are Inconsistent with, and Contrary to Acts of Parliament, 
which by the Express words of Such Acts, or by the plain Intention and purview 
of Such Acts, are Expressly or Intentionally Extended To the plantations, So as